Il crollo dell’ippocastano di Anna Frank, quando un albero non è solo un albero

di Redazione 50

Scovare un briciolo di felicità nel cielo, in qualcosa di più solido del deserto in cui si sta tramutando il mondo. Conservare la fiducia nella vita e nel genere umano, malgrado tutto. Questo e molto altro simboleggiava per Anna Frank l’ippocastano crollato al suolo lunedì scorso, dopo oltre 150 anni di vita, per molti dei quali è stato per tutti il simbolo di qualcosa di più alto, l’amico di quei giorni di clausura che tutti conosciamo perché raccontati in un diario (scritto dal luglio del 1942 all’agosto del 1944) dalla penna della sua giovane protagonista, la ragazza tedesca di tredici anni rifugiatasi ad Amsterdam nel 1933, e costretta a nascondersi durante l’occupazione nazista in un rifugio segreto, protetta da una libreria girevole che nasconde la sua famiglia nel sottotetto alle perquisizioni delle SS.

Durante i 25 mesi di clandestinità, prima della deportazione che le fu fatale nel lager di Bergen-Belsen, dove morirà di tifo, quell’albero fu per Anna fonte di emozioni e deposito di speranze, perché avere la possibilità di ammirare la bellezza della natura le restituiva, per alcuni attimi, la libertà di immaginare un destino diverso e di recuperare fiducia nell’umanità.


E’ un gran miracolo che io non abbia rinunciato a tutte le mie speranze perché esse sembrano assurde e inattuabili. Le conservo ancora, nonostante tutto, perché continuo a credere nell’intima bontà dell’uomo. Mi è impossibile costruire tutto sulla base della morte, della miseria, della confusione. Vedo il mondo mutarsi lentamente in un deserto, odo sempre più forte l’avvicinarsi del rombo che ucciderà noi pure, partecipo al dolore di milioni di uomini, eppure quando guardo il cielo, penso che tutto si volgerà nuovamente al bene, che anche questa spietata durezza cesserà, che ritorneranno l’ordine, la pace e la serenità.

Queste le parole di Anna Frank pochi giorni prima che i tedeschi irrompano nell’alloggio segreto. Il 23 febbraio del 1944 guardare l’albero insieme a Peter, il ragazzo di cui è innamorata, le regala un momento romantico anche nella bruttura della clausura forzata, facendola sentire per un attimo una ragazza come tutte le altre, che non ha il diritto di essere triste davanti alla bellezza del paesaggio:

Vado quasi ogni mattina nel solaio, dove lavora Peter, per liberarmi i polmoni dall’aria viziata della stanza. Mi siedo per terra nel mio posticino preferito e guardo il cielo azzurro, il castagno brullo sui cui rami scintillano piccole goccioline, i gabbiani e gli altri uccelli che fendono l’aria e sembrano argentati.
Respiravamo l’aria fresca, guardavamo fuori e sentivamo che c’era qualcosa che non bisognava interrompere colle parole […] Ma guardavo anche dalla finestra aperta, sopra un grande settore di Amsterdam, sopra tutti i tetti fino all’orizzonte, tanto luminoso e azzurro che la linea di separazione non era chiaramente visibile. “Finché questo c’è ancora” pensai “e io posso godere questo sole, questo cielo senza nuvole, non ho il diritto di essere triste.” Per chi ha paura, o si sente incompreso e infelice, il miglior rimedio è andar fuori all’aperto, in un luogo dove egli sia completamente solo, solo col cielo, la natura e Dio. Soltanto allora, infatti, soltanto allora si sente che tutto è come deve essere, e che Dio vuol vedere gli uomini felici nella semplice bellezza della natura. Finché ciò esiste, ed esisterà sempre, io so che in qualunque circostanza c’è un conforto per ogni dolore. E credo fermamente che ogni afflizione può essere molto lenita dalla natura.

Contro l’abbattimento dell’ippocastano, da tempo malato, afflitto dalle tarme e da un fungo micidiale, era intervenuta in questi ultimi anni la Support Anne Frank Tree Foundation, con la costruzione di un supporto in acciaio che doveva sorreggere il vecchio fusto malato. Annemarie Bekker, portavoce del Museo Anna Frank, è sotto shock: avrebbero preferito che l’albero fosse abbattuto molto tempo fa, per evitare ci fossero rischi per le persone e che si abbattesse sul museo. Ma fortunatamente così non è stato, l’albero si è accasciato al suolo nella direzione giusta, abbattuto dal vento, con un tonfo sordo e le sue 27 tonnellate di ricordi. Lascia 150 cloni, ottenuti dai suoi germogli, innestati in giro per il mondo, da un parco di Amsterdam agli Stati Uniti ad alcune scuole italiane, da Varese a Roma.

Quel che rimane del tronco – spezzatosi a circa un metro da terra – verrà lasciato nel terreno per permettere al germoglio di crescere, il resto verrà sollevato da una gru e portato via dal giardino dove sorgeva.

Inoltre, la sua sopravvivenza è garantita anche nella rete, dove ad un albero virtuale «piantato» su Internet nel 2006 ognuno può aggiungere una foglia, verde come la speranza che la bellezza della Natura sopravviva alle brutture del genere umano e che ogni perseguitato trovi consolazione, nel dolore, mettendo radici che sanno di libertà e lasciando traccia di qualcosa di più alto e dei germogli di un’umanità rinata che, nonostante i crolli, riesce a rimanere viva e ben radicata nel profondo della Terra.

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