Per la prima volta gli scienziati hanno effettuato una stima di quanto costerebbe conoscere lo stato di conservazione di milioni di specie, alcune delle quali devono ancora essere identificate. Il prezzo è 60 milioni di dollari, secondo un team di scienziati, compresi quelli dell’IUCN e del Conservation International, che hanno presentato lo studio sulla rivista Science in un articolo intitolato “Il Barometro della Vita”.
Le nostre conoscenze sulle specie e sui tassi di estinzione è ancora scarsa, e questo ha conseguenze negative per il nostro ambiente e l’economia. Ampliando l’attuale Lista Rossa IUCN delle specie minacciate per includere fino a circa 160.000 specie ben scelte, avremmo un buon barometro per influenzare le decisioni a livello globale
dice Simon Stuart, presidente della IUCN’s Species Survival Commission. Ad oggi, quasi 48.000 specie sono state valutate nella Lista Rossa IUCN, che costa circa 4 milioni di dollari ogni anno. La maggior parte di questo lavoro è svolto da migliaia di volontari in tutto il mondo.
A livello globale, solo 1,9 milioni di specie sono state identificate, anche se il numero stimato di specie si pensa possa essere tra i 10 e i 20 milioni. Mentre la Lista Rossa contiene valutazioni di tutte le specie di mammiferi, uccelli, anfibi, coralli, granchi d’acqua dolce e conifere, la stragrande maggioranza delle specie del mondo sono scarsamente rappresentate, anche molte piante, invertebrati, rettili, pesci e funghi.
Più impariamo sugli indicatori delle specie (che possono fornire informazioni sulla qualità dell’ambiente che li circonda), tanto più sappiamo sullo stato dell’ambiente di vita che ci sostiene tutti. Sulle specie minacciate, in particolare, devono essere consentite mirate decisioni politiche per migliorarne la conservazione
spiega Edward O. Wilson, biologo del Museo di Zoologia Comparata presso l’Università di Harvard. Tali informazioni serviranno inoltre per aiutare i Governi e le comunità a progettare risposte adeguate al cambiamento climatico e ad altre grandi sfide pressanti sulla conservazione, hanno continuato i ricercatori.
Un’altra sfida importante è quella di potenziare le capacità scientifiche per eseguire le valutazioni della Lista Rossa nelle zone ricche di biodiversità. Il mondo in via di sviluppo ospita la maggior parte delle specie del pianeta, ma le risorse umane per il controllo di questa ricchezza naturale sono gravemente carenti
dice Jon Paul Rodriguez, un ecologo presso l’Istituto Scientifico per la Ong venezuelana che aiuta la commissione Iucn.
Fonte: [Sciencedaily]
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