Ecosistema marino minacciato dai relitti

La salute dei mari è messa a rischio da migliaia di relitti di navi militari della Seconda guerra mondiale che giacciono sui fondali marini di tutto il mondo, anche in Italia.
L’allarme, lanciato questa mattina dal mensile Focus, riguarda soprattutto quei residui bellici ancora pieni di petrolio, o peggio ancora, di sostanze chimiche estremamente dannose per gli ecosistemi marini. Lo studio dei fondali è frutto di una ricerca di due esperti di sicurezza marina, Trevor Gilbert e Dagmar Etkin. Secondo i due studiosi nei fondali marini si trovano circa 8.569 relitti, di cui 361 inabissati nel Mediterraneo.

Il rischio che sulle coste di tutto il mondo si possa riversare una marea di petrolio, di dimensioni maggiori di quella fuoriuscita nel Golfo del Messico, non può essere tenuto sotto controllo perché la responsabilità delle navi non è dei governi, ma dei loro armatori. Certamente deceduti da parecchi anni. Ripulire i serbatoi delle navi sommerse ha un costo tra i 2.300 e i 17.000 dollari a tonnellata di petrolio.
In Italia il rischio inquinamento non è dato dai serbatoi di carburante, ma da un arsenale di armi chimiche contenente in parte iprite, una sostanza altamente tossica ma utilizzata dall’esercito italiano, quando era già vietata dagli accordi internazionali, nella missione in Etiopia nel 1935. Con la fine della guerra i carichi “scomodi” vennero inabissati al largo di Manfredonia, nei pressi dell’isola d’Ischia e a Sud di Pesaro.

[Fonte: Asca]
[Foto: viaggiaresempre]

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