Santa Monica Boulevard (Los Angeles, California) avrà, a partire dalla fine di giugno, una stazione Shell a idrogeno. Il progetto è stato ideato da un gruppo di ricerca dell’US Department of Energy, Shell e General Motors. La stazione a idrogeno di Santa Monica sarà dedicata alla distribuzione dell’idrogeno come carburante per il trasporto su gomma. La produzione del combustibile verrà affidata agli impianti petrolchimici in attesa di poter essere ottenuta da fonti pulite come il riciclaggio dei rifiuti solidi urbani o il frazionamento di carbone.
La stazione Shell di Santa Monica non è l’unica prevista dal progetto: altre stazioni verranno costruite nel territorio di Los Angeles al fine di creare una rete di distributori di idrogeno e allargare l’utilizzo di questo carburante. Il progetto, però, non è definitivo e dovrà essere perfezionato.
L’idrogeno attualmente prodotto, infatti, non è pulito al 100 per cento, poiché ottenuto ancora da combustibili fossili. Shell, a tal proposito, sta lavorando alla produzione dell’idrogeno tramite elettrolisi con l’utilizzo di fonti pulite come l’eolico in Olanda, e il geotermico in Islanda. L’elettrolisi è un processo che trasforma energia elettrica in energia chimica e viene impiegato nella creazione di idrogeno. La scelta dell’idrogeno, in America, rappresenta una questione importante soprattutto ai fini di ridurre la dipendenza americana dalle importazioni di petrolio. La stazione di Santa Monica non è l’unica nel suo genere, né in America né nel resto del mondo, ma il fatto che sia stata creata da uno dei principali protagonisti del mondo petrolifero rappresenta sicuramente un punto di svolta.
I primi esperimenti dell’utilizzo dell’idrogeno come carburante riguardano il trasporto aereo.
Nel 1957, ad esempio, negli Stati Uniti fu costruito un bombardiere B-57 alimentato a idrogeno mentre nel 1988 l’Unione Sovietica realizzò un Tupolev-154 a idrogeno liquido. Il trasporto su gomma è da sempre un settore fondamentale per il mercato dell’energia ma racchiude numerosi ostacoli tra cui quello dell’inquinamento ambientale. Numerosi sono, però, gli studi che si stanno indirizzando in questa direzione.
Nel 1957, ad esempio, negli Stati Uniti fu costruito un bombardiere B-57 alimentato a idrogeno mentre nel 1988 l’Unione Sovietica realizzò un Tupolev-154 a idrogeno liquido. Il trasporto su gomma è da sempre un settore fondamentale per il mercato dell’energia ma racchiude numerosi ostacoli tra cui quello dell’inquinamento ambientale. Numerosi sono, però, gli studi che si stanno indirizzando in questa direzione.
enone 10 Giugno 2008 il 9:45 am
…Quindi La Usera’ Solo Quel Tipo In Europa Che Va In Giro Con La BMW Ad Idrogeno?
Chiara Ranallo 10 Giugno 2008 il 9:25 pm
hai ragione il mercato delle auto ad idrogeno non è ancora molto sviluppato ma ci sono numerosi progetti al riguardo. Diverse case automobilistiche hanno già presentato i loro modelli ad idrogeno.. non resta che aspettare se davvero questo settore decollerà anche in europa..
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