Dal Cammino di Santiago a La Via Francigena: antiche viae peregrinales per moderni eco-turisti

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Molti di voi conosceranno o avranno percorso il Cammino di Santiago, riconsacrato in tempi recenti al mito dall’omonimo libro di Paulo Coelho, antica via di pellegrinaggio che conduceva alla cattedrale di Santiago de Compostela dove riposano le membra del Santo. Il Cammino è stato, in epoca medievale, una delle principali mete di pellegrinaggio della cristianità insieme a Roma ed a Gerusalemme, mete che all’epoca, ogni buon cristiano doveva aver raggiunto almeno una volta nella vita.

Quelle stesse mete e le vie che là conducevano oggi sono raggiunte a piedi da una nuova classe di moderni homini viator animati da i più diversi propositi. I nuovi pellegrini si mettono in cammino per la fede, per apprezzare ed esperire il paesaggio in un modo diverso, libero dall’armatura di una macchina o di un treno, per assaporare il piacere di un attraversamento diretto ed attivo dei luoghi, per liberarsi dai pensieri e guardarsi dentro o ancora per un movente ecologico (viaggiare nel paesaggio e nell’ambiente senza lasciare altra traccia o altro impatto oltre al segno dei propri passi).

Trattasi di un nuovo filone di turismo che supera lo stesso stanco e distruttivo (molte volte per l’ambiente) concetto di turismo di massa per come ci è venduto dalle brochure patinate delle agenzie di viaggio, una forma di turismo consapevole ed ecologista che viene definito turismo d’esperienza. Trattasi di prendere uno zaino, caricarlo dell’essenziale (essenziale che per motivi logistici non deve superare il 10% del proprio peso, niente creme di bellezza, pochi vestiti necessari, una macchina fotografica o meglio un blocco per schizzi o un diario di viaggio), prendere i pochi soldi che serviranno per dormire (10 euro a notte massimo) e per mangiare e disporsi intimamente all’avventura e partire. L’inizio più “classico” per il Cammino di Santiago (830 Km) è S Jean pied de Port, in Francia qui si ritira presso un ufficio dedicato, la Credential, una carta sulla quale ad ogni Hospital dove si alloggerà a fine giornata di cammino, verrà apposto un timbro (sello) che garantisce che si sta effettuando il viaggio a piedi o in bici e che ci permetterà di ricevere (alla fine del pellegrinaggio) la Compostellana o il Testimonium certificati di avvenuto pellegrinaggio.

Per la Via Francigena (quasi 900 km), che dal valico del Gran S. Bernardo porta a Roma la credenziale si può richiedere facendo domanda on line. Ogni giorno si camminerà dai 15 ai 35 km, a seconda del grado di infrastrutturazione ricettiva dei cammini, ovvero del numero e della cadenza di spedali o hospital (in Spagna). Il Cammino che da più anni è percorso dai moderni pellegrini è molto ben infrastrutturato e si può scegliere di graduare le tappe secondo le proprie esigenze, mentre sulla Via dove il fenomeno di pellegrinaggio è più recente, potremo trovare situazioni anche molto proibitive, come nella tappa (meravigliosa) che va da S. Quirico d’Orcia a Radicofani lunga 38 km circa, tappa che per il momento non è possibile spezzare per la mancanza di “alberghi” intermedi. In ogni caso si attraversano paesaggi meravigliosi, con l’ausilio del mezzo che la natura ci ha conferito, si fanno incontri, si cammina immersi per lunghi tratti nella natura.

Si scopre un modo di viaggiare nuovo e antichissimo che difficilmente poi si potrà dismettere, così ci si ritroverà in Australia a seguire le Vie dei Canti degli aborigeni o in Perù sul Cammino dell’Inca. Molti sono anche gli altri cammini, più brevi, che si possono percorrere anche nel week end in Italia. Quando si torna a casa saranno più frequenti le volte in cui per andare a lavoro si sceglierà di usare le proprie gambe per aggirarsi nella città come dei flaneur. Buon cammino a tutti!

[Fonte: Associazione EuropeaVie Francigene.it]
[Foto: Spagnanet.it]

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